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DSE 英文｜Paper 4 小組討論 備課指引（導師用）｜發言分配、接駁、個人回應
4 人一組、討論 8 分鐘，即每人平均只有 120 秒講話；每次發言約 30 秒，全場只有 4 次機會。呢一堂教學生把 4 次機會用在刀口上。
本堂目標 Students can: (1) plan 4 turns of about 30 seconds across the 8-minute discussion, covering one idea, one reason and one example each; (2) use three set moves to link to the previous speaker instead of restarting the topic; (3) deliver a 1-minute individual response with a clear position and one supporting detail.
01 先備知識（開課前 3 分鐘快檢）
以下任何一項未過關，本堂就會卡住，先補該項：
| 技能 | 快檢題 | 過關標準 |
|---|---|---|
| 基本句式 | 能否講完整句而非單字 | I think… because… |
| 連接詞 | so、but、however 用法 | 一句一個連接詞 |
| 聽力筆記 | 聽人講時抄關鍵詞 | 兩三個詞就夠 |
02 課堂流程（60 分鐘）
| 時間 | 環節 | 導師做什麼 | 學生做什麼 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0–10 分 | 規則拆解 | 講清 4 人 8 分鐘的算術 | 學生複述一次 |
| 10–22 分 | 三個接駁句式 | 示範 agree、partly agree、redirect | 每種講一次 |
| 22–34 分 | 模擬討論一 | 四人一組，導師只計發言次數 | 每人至少 3 次 |
| 34–44 分 | 個人回應 | 1 分鐘、三段結構 | 有立場有細節 |
| 44–54 分 | 模擬討論二 | 加難度：有人壟斷發言 | 成功插話一次 |
| 54–60 分 | 離場檢查 | 三題快問快答 | 三題全對才下課 |
03 講解腳本（照著說就可以）
第一幕：The arithmetic decides your strategy
4 candidates share 480 seconds, so each gets about 120 seconds; at 30 seconds a turn that is 4 turns, not twenty.
Plan before you speak: one idea, one reason, one example per turn, then hand over with a question.
Rule: never spend two turns on the same point; a repeated point scores nothing.
Plan before you speak: one idea, one reason, one example per turn, then hand over with a question.
Rule: never spend two turns on the same point; a repeated point scores nothing.
Ask the student: how many turns do you actually get, and what will you do with each?
第二幕：Link, do not restart
Three moves cover almost everything: agree and add (“I agree with that, and I would add…”), partly disagree (“I see your point, but…”), and redirect (“That is true for cost, but what about time?”).
Each move has two parts: a reference to the previous speaker, then your own content.
Without the reference, the examiner hears four separate short talks, not a discussion.
Each move has two parts: a reference to the previous speaker, then your own content.
Without the reference, the examiner hears four separate short talks, not a discussion.
Ask the student: what is missing if you answer without mentioning the last speaker?
第三幕：The individual response is a different task
After the group discussion each candidate answers alone for 1 minute: state a position, give one reason, give one detail.
Do not summarise the whole discussion; answer the question you are given.
Finish with a complete sentence, never trail off when time is called.
Do not summarise the whole discussion; answer the question you are given.
Finish with a complete sentence, never trail off when time is called.
Ask the student: what are the three parts of a one-minute response?
04 必教題型與步驟
| 題型 | 例子 | 步驟 | 答案 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Interaction | Opening a point | Claim plus reason plus example | 30 seconds |
| Interaction | Responding | Reference the last speaker, then add | Two sentences |
| Interaction | Managing turn-taking | Signal, short question, then pause | One clear signal |
| Monologue | Individual response | Position, reason, detail | 1 minute |
合理性檢查（一定要教）：Check three things: every turn names the previous speaker or their idea; every turn has one reason, not three; the individual response is a reply to the question, not a summary of the group.
05 獨立練習三題
| 題目 | 答案 | 想觀察什麼 |
|---|---|---|
| Four-person discussion on a school policy | Each candidate plans 4 turns | All four speak 4 times |
| Practise the three linking moves | Two sentences each | Reference plus content |
| One-minute individual response | Position, reason, detail | Full sentences |
| Discussion with one dominant speaker | Insert once politely | One successful turn |
06 學生常見錯誤與糾正句
| 錯誤 | 學生通常這樣寫 | 導師這樣說 |
|---|---|---|
| Listing three ideas in one turn | No idea is developed, low marks | “One idea, one reason, then stop.” |
| Repeating what was just said | No new content, wasted turn | “Add something, or hand over.” |
| Never referring to others | Sounds like a monologue | “Start with the last speaker.” |
| Summarising the discussion in the individual response | Fails to answer the question | “Answer the question you were given.” |
07 家課建議（直接指到練習卷題號）
- Record a 8-minute discussion Aim for 4 turns
- Write six linking sentences Reference plus content
- Record three individual responses Position, reason, detail
08 離場檢查（最後 5 分鐘）
| 題目 | 答案 | 判定 |
|---|---|---|
| How many turns does each candidate get? | About 4 | Not unlimited |
| What are the three linking moves? | Agree and add, partly disagree, redirect | Each with a reference |
| What are the three parts of the individual response? | Position, reason, detail | Not a summary |
09 導師常問
Students freeze when someone dominates, what helps?
Rehearse one interrupt signal until it is automatic.
Should they memorise phrases?
Three moves are enough; the content must be their own.
How do we mark practice runs?
Count turns, count references to others, and time each turn.
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