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HKDSE Geography Practice Paper: Climate, Landforms and Population Data (12 questions, 100 marks, 75 minutes)
HKDSE Geography: Climate, Landforms and Population
Original HKDSE Geography practice paper on climate, landforms and population data: 12 questions, 100 marks, 75 minutes, with full worked answers and marking points.
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Paper details Level: S6 | Subject: Geography | Time: 75 minutes | Marks: 100 | Questions: 12
Section A (32 marks)
Climate and landform data questions: show the formula, the unit and the required rounding.
| # | Question | Answer and marking notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Two weather stations in a mountain area: station A is 50 m above sea level with a temperature of 30.0 C; station B is 1,850 m above sea level. (a) Find the height difference between the two stations in m. (b) Temperature falls by 6.5 C for every 1,000 m of ascent. Find how much cooler station B is than station A. (c) Find the temperature at station B (1 decimal place). |
(a) Height difference = 1,850 – 50 = 1,800 m. (b) Temperature drop = 6.5 x (1,800 / 1,000) = 11.7 C. (c) Temperature at B = 30.0 – 11.7 = 18.3 C (1 decimal place). |
| 2 | A district has a population of 486,000 and a land area of 27 km2; its birth rate is 12.5 per thousand and its death rate is 6.1 per thousand. (a) Find the population density in persons per km2. (b) Find the natural increase rate in per thousand. (c) Express the natural increase rate as a percentage. |
(a) Population density = 486,000 / 27 = 18,000 persons per km2. (b) Natural increase rate = 12.5 – 6.1 = 6.4 per thousand. (c) 6.4 per thousand = 6.4 / 1,000 = 0.64%. |
| 3 | Monthly rainfall at a station (mm): Jan 12, Feb 25, Mar 48, Apr 96, May 210, Jun 380, Jul 402, Aug 356, Sep 268, Oct 120, Nov 45, Dec 18. (a) Find the annual total rainfall. (b) Find the mean monthly rainfall. (c) Find the wettest month as a percentage of the annual total (1 decimal place). |
(a) Total = 12+25+48+96+210+380+402+356+268+120+45+18 = 1,980 mm. (b) Mean = 1,980 / 12 = 165 mm. (c) The wettest month is July with 402 mm; 402 / 1,980 x 100% = 20.3%. |
| 4 | Two points on a slope lie on the 250 m and 400 m contours, and their horizontal distance apart is 600 m. (a) Find the height difference between the two points. (b) Find the slope gradient as a percentage. (c) Given tan θ = height difference divided by horizontal distance, find the slope angle θ (1 decimal place). |
(a) Height difference = 400 – 250 = 150 m. (b) Gradient = 150 / 600 x 100% = 25%. (c) tan θ = 150 / 600 = 0.25, so θ = 14.0 degrees. |
Section B (36 marks)
Population and land-use data questions: show the working and add a short judgement.
| # | Question | Answer and marking notes |
|---|---|---|
| 5 | A city has a total population of 7.50 million, of which 4.05 million live in the urban area; there are 372,000 males and 414,000 females. (a) Find the urban population as a percentage of the total. (b) Find the number of males per 1,000 females (nearest integer). (c) Decide whether the city is highly urbanised and give a reason. |
(a) 4.05 / 7.50 x 100% = 54.0%. (b) 372,000 / 414,000 x 1,000 = 899 males. (c) The urban share is 54.0%, more than half, with manufacturing and services dominant, so the city is highly urbanised. |
| 6 | A district covers 1,120 km2: farmland 320 km2, woodland 430 km2, built-up area 210 km2 and other uses 160 km2. (a) Find farmland as a percentage of the district (1 decimal place). (b) Find woodland and farmland together as a percentage of the district (1 decimal place). (c) Find the ratio of built-up area to farmland in its simplest integer form. |
(a) 320 / 1,120 x 100% = 28.6%. (b) (430 + 320) / 1,120 x 100% = 750 / 1,120 x 100% = 67.0%. (c) 210 : 320 = 21 : 32. |
| 7 | A drainage basin covers 480 km2 and has an annual runoff depth of 1,250 mm. (a) Convert the runoff depth to m. (b) Find the annual runoff volume in m3. (c) Find the mean discharge in m3/s, taking one year as 31,536,000 seconds (1 decimal place). |
(a) 1,250 mm = 1,250 / 1,000 = 1.25 m. (b) Volume = 480 x 1,000,000 x 1.25 = 600,000,000 m3. (c) 600,000,000 / 31,536,000 = 19.0 m3/s. |
| 8 | The annual population growth rate of a place is 2.0%. (a) Using doubling time approximately equal to 70 divided by the growth rate in percent, estimate the doubling time. (b) Re-estimate the doubling time if the growth rate falls to 1.4%. (c) Explain the effect of a lower growth rate on the doubling time. |
(a) 70 / 2.0 = 35 years. (b) 70 / 1.4 = 50 years. (c) A fall from 2.0% to 1.4% lengthens the doubling time from 35 years to 50 years, so population growth slows noticeably. |
Section C (32 marks)
Time zone, emission and geophysics questions: set out the calculation and explain your reasoning.
| # | Question | Answer and marking notes |
|---|---|---|
| 9 | Hong Kong time is UTC+8. (a) When it is 15:00 in Hong Kong, find the local time in London (UTC+0 in winter). (b) Find the local time in New York (UTC-5) at the same moment. (c) If an international meeting starts at 09:00 London time, find the starting time in Hong Kong. |
(a) 15:00 minus 8 hours = 07:00. (b) 15:00 minus 13 hours = 02:00. (c) 09:00 plus 8 hours = 17:00. |
| 10 | A place has a population of 7.50 million and per capita carbon dioxide emissions of 6.2 t. (a) Find the total annual emissions in Mt. (b) A reduction plan lowers per capita emissions by 15%. Find the new per capita figure. (c) Find the total emissions after the reduction. |
(a) 7.50 x 6.2 = 46.5 Mt. (b) 6.2 x (1 – 0.15) = 5.27 t. (c) 7.50 x 5.27 = 39.5 Mt (39.525 Mt). |
| 11 | An earthquake epicentre is 120 km from a recording station. P waves travel at 6.0 km/s and S waves at 3.5 km/s. (a) Find the travel time of the P waves. (b) Find the travel time of the S waves (2 decimal places). (c) Find the difference in arrival times of the P and S waves (2 decimal places). |
(a) 120 / 6.0 = 20.00 s. (b) 120 / 3.5 = 34.29 s. (c) 34.29 – 20.00 = 14.29 s. |
| 12 | Mean monthly temperatures at a station (C): 16.5, 17.0, 18.6, 22.0, 25.6, 27.8, 28.4, 28.2, 27.4, 25.2, 21.6, 18.0. (a) Find the annual mean temperature (1 decimal place). (b) Find the annual temperature range. (c) Decide whether the station has a tropical or a temperate climate and give a reason. |
(a) Sum = 276.3, so 276.3 / 12 = 23.0 C. (b) 28.4 – 16.5 = 11.9 C. (c) With a mean of 23.0 C and an annual range of only 11.9 C, the station has a tropical climate. |
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