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P4 General Studies: Digestion and Nutrition (Paper 1 (basics))
Tutor Prep Guide · the digestive system and the food pyramid, enzymes and bile, energy and nutrient calculations, and balanced eating habits
P4 General Studies: Digestion and Nutrition (Paper 1 (basics))
Paper one starts from the basics: the six nutrients, the energy source, the mouth and oesophagus, the jobs of the two intestines, plus three mass and percentage sums.
Direct answers Ask yourself first whether an item tests memory or calculation; in sums, write the unit clearly and the answer stays right.
01 Paper details (check answers afterwards)
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Questions | 10 |
| Suggested time | 20 |
| Difficulty mix | Foundation 3 · Intermediate 3 · Challenge 3 · Error redo 1 |
| Chapter | Chapter: P4 General Studies: Digestion and Nutrition |
| Level | parts of a closed circuit, conductors against insulators, series against parallel, adding up battery voltage, and electrical safety |
02 Questions (10 items)
- FoundationWhich main nutrients are found in food?
- FoundationWhich nutrient is the main source of energy for the body?
- FoundationWhere is food first broken up after entering the body?
- IntermediateWhich tube carries food from the mouth to the stomach?
- IntermediateWhat two jobs does the small intestine mainly do?
- IntermediateWhat does the large intestine mainly absorb?
- ChallengeA lunch has 60 g of carbohydrates, 20 g of protein and 10 g of fat. What is the total mass in g?
- ChallengeA pupil takes 900 kcal a day from carbohydrates at 4 kcal per gram. How many grams is that?
- ChallengeA 250 g portion of food contains 150 g of water. What percentage is water?
- Error redoError clinic: is food fully digested into nutrients once it reaches the stomach?
03 Answers and one-line notes
| # | Answer | One-line note |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water. | Each of the six has its own job, so a varied diet matters. |
| 2 | Carbohydrates. | Carbohydrates break down into glucose, which fuels body activity. |
| 3 | In the mouth, by the teeth. | The teeth grind food and mix it with saliva so it can be swallowed. |
| 4 | The oesophagus. | The oesophagus pushes food down to the stomach by muscular squeezing. |
| 5 | Digesting food and absorbing nutrients. | Most digestion and absorption happens there, which is why the small intestine is so long. |
| 6 | Water. | It absorbs water so the leftover waste becomes formed faeces. |
| 7 | 90 g | Add the three masses: 60 plus 20 plus 10 gives 90 g. |
| 8 | 225 g | Nine hundred divided by four gives 225 g. |
| 9 | 60.0 per cent | 150 divided by 250 times 100 gives 60.0 per cent. |
| 10 | No. | The stomach only starts breaking down protein; most digestion and absorption happens in the small intestine. |
04 What to do after marking
- After marking, redo only the wrong items and write down which step went wrong (formula, unit, or misread number).
- Repeat the same item two days later; move to the next paper only when both attempts are correct.
- Parents only need the answer and note columns; there is no need to explain every item.
After paper one, take paper two and sort out series against parallel in one pass.Tutor Registration →
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