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S5 Geography Urban Land Use, Paper 2: density and urban structure
S5 Geography Urban Land Use, Paper 2: density and urban structure
Paper 2 uses the concentric zone model, then calculates density, plot ratio, housing share, commuting distance and greening ratio, and separates sprawl from gentrification.
Focus Density is population over area, floor area is site times plot ratio, shares divide by total area, and a high plot ratio does not mean a better environment.
01 Paper details (check answers afterwards)
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Questions | 10 |
| Suggested time | 25 |
| Difficulty mix | Foundation 4 · Intermediate 3 · Challenge 2 · Error redo 1 |
| Chapter | Chapter: S5 Geography: Urban Land Use |
| Level | S5 |
02 Questions (10 items)
- FoundationHow does the Burgess concentric zone model divide a city from the centre outward?
- FoundationA district has 528 000 people in 16.5 square kilometres. What is the population density?
- FoundationA site of 1200 square metres has a plot ratio of 6. What floor area may be built?
- FoundationWhy are industrial areas usually found on the urban fringe?
- IntermediateA city of 80 square kilometres has 28 square kilometres of housing. What share is residential?
- IntermediateA worker commutes 18 km a day for 240 working days. What is the yearly commuting distance?
- IntermediateA city of 128 square kilometres has 6.4 square kilometres of green space. What is the greening ratio?
- ChallengeDistrict A has 30 000 people per square kilometre and district B 42 000. How much denser is B?
- ChallengeHow do urban sprawl and gentrification differ?
- Error redoError: a student says a higher plot ratio means a better living environment. What is correct?
03 Answers and one-line notes
| # | Answer | One-line note |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Central business district, zone of transition, working class housing, middle class housing and the commuter zone | Rent and accessibility fall outward, so housing quality rises while commuting distance grows. |
| 2 | 32 000 people per square kilometre | Density is population over area, and 528 000 divided by 16.5 is 32 000. |
| 3 | 7200 square metres | Floor area is site area times plot ratio, so 1200 times 6 is 7200. |
| 4 | Lower rents, large land requirements and good access to main transport routes | Industry cannot outbid commerce for central land, and it needs space and good external transport, so it stays at the fringe. |
| 5 | 35 per cent | Twenty eight over eighty times 100 is 35 per cent. |
| 6 | 4320 km | Eighteen times 240 is 4320, and longer journeys point to more sprawl. |
| 7 | 5 per cent | Six point four over 128 times 100 is 5 per cent. |
| 8 | 40 per cent denser | Forty two thousand over thirty thousand is 1.4, so B is forty per cent denser. |
| 9 | Sprawl is low density outward growth into the countryside, gentrification is inner city renewal that raises rents and displaces poorer residents | Sprawl spreads outward over farmland, while gentrification renews inner areas and replaces low income residents. |
| 10 | A higher plot ratio means denser buildings and population, with worse ventilation, daylight and open space | More floor area on the same site means denser blocks and narrower gaps, which usually lowers living quality. |
04 What to do after marking
- After marking, redo only the wrong items and write down which step went wrong (formula, unit, or misread number).
- Repeat the same item two days later; move to the next paper only when both attempts are correct.
- Parents only need the answer and note columns; there is no need to explain every item.
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