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The United Nations and the Post-Cold War Order: Paper 2
The United Nations and the Post-Cold War Order: Paper 2
Ten items comparing peacekeeping and collective security: Blue Helmets, UNEF, Resolution 678, post-Cold War years, two failures and the NPT.
Direct answers Items 1-3: Blue Helmets, the Middle East, all necessary means. Items 4-6: 35 years and 79.5 per cent, one year, two years and five states. Items 7-9: veto paralysis, unauthorised force, civil wars. Item 10: self-defence and mandate only.
01 Paper details (check answers afterwards)
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Questions | 10 |
| Suggested time | 20 |
| Difficulty mix | Foundation 3 · Intermediate 3 · Challenge 3 · Error redo 1 |
| Chapter | Chapter: The United Nations and the Post-Cold War Order |
| Level | Intermediate |
02 Questions (10 items)
- FoundationWhat are United Nations peacekeepers commonly called because of their headgear?
- FoundationDuring the 1956 Suez Crisis the UN sent its first armed peacekeeping force, UNEF. Where was it deployed?
- FoundationIn 1990 the Security Council passed Resolution 678. What did it authorise for the 1991 Gulf War?
- IntermediateThe Cold War ran 44 years from 1947 to 1991. How many years from 1991 to 2026, and what percentage of the Cold War span is that?
- IntermediateThe Rwanda genocide of 1994 and the Srebrenica massacre of 1995 were how many years apart?
- IntermediateThe Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty opened for signature in 1968 and took effect in 1970. How many years apart, and how many nuclear-weapon states does it recognise?
- ChallengeWhy did collective security work poorly during the Cold War?
- ChallengeWhat dispute did the 1999 Kosovo war and the 2003 Iraq war raise within the UN framework?
- ChallengeWhy did peacekeeping operations multiply after the Cold War ended?
- Error redoError clinic: “Peacekeepers may attack a party in order to enforce Council resolutions.” What is wrong?
03 Answers and one-line notes
| # | Answer | One-line note |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Blue Helmets | The blue helmet marks peacekeepers out from the parties to a conflict. |
| 2 | the Middle East, along the Egyptian-Israeli frontier | UNEF deployed to Sinai and set the precedent for armed peacekeeping. |
| 3 | all necessary means to restore peace in the region | It was the first post-Cold War authorisation of large-scale force. |
| 4 | 35 years, 79.5 per cent | Divide 35 by 44; the post-Cold War era is now nearly four fifths as long. |
| 5 | 1 year | Both were cases where peacekeepers failed to protect civilians, only a year apart. |
| 6 | 2 years, 5 | The five are the United States, Russia, Britain, France and China; other signatories forgo nuclear weapons. |
| 7 | the veto stopped the Council acting against permanent members and their allies | Under superpower rivalry, any resolution against one bloc was vetoed. |
| 8 | force was used without clear Security Council authorisation | NATO and the United States were accused of bypassing collective security; authorisation was the crux. |
| 9 | civil wars and state collapse proliferated while the veto no longer paralysed the Council | Missions expanded from monitoring ceasefires to elections, reconstruction and civilian protection. |
| 10 | wrong: force is limited to self-defence and the mandate | Consent, impartiality and minimum use of force are the basic principles of peacekeeping. |
04 What to do after marking
- After marking, redo only the wrong items and write down which step went wrong (formula, unit, or misread number).
- Repeat the same item two days later; move to the next paper only when both attempts are correct.
- Parents only need the answer and note columns; there is no need to explain every item.
Keep authorisation and self-defence apart when answering.Tutor Registration →
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