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The United Nations and the Post-Cold War Order: Paper 3
The United Nations and the Post-Cold War Order: Paper 3
Ten items on post-Cold War rules and disputes: R2P, the WTO, the ICC, the law of the sea, the Paris Agreement and Council reform.
Direct answers Items 1-3: R2P, 1995 replacing GATT, 2002. Items 4-6: 370.4 kilometres, one year and 1.5 to 2 degrees, 112.5 per cent. Items 7-9: sovereignty versus intervention, emerging economies and the G20, representational gap. Item 10: amendment needs every permanent member.
01 Paper details (check answers afterwards)
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Questions | 10 |
| Suggested time | 20 |
| Difficulty mix | Foundation 3 · Intermediate 3 · Challenge 3 · Error redo 1 |
| Chapter | Chapter: The United Nations and the Post-Cold War Order |
| Level | Challenge |
02 Questions (10 items)
- FoundationWhich principle, adopted at the 2005 UN World Summit, holds that states have a responsibility to protect their people from genocide and similar crimes?
- FoundationIn which year was the World Trade Organization created, and which agreement did it replace?
- FoundationThe International Criminal Court was created by the 1998 Rome Statute. When did the statute enter into force?
- IntermediateThe exclusive economic zone under the Law of the Sea Convention is 200 nautical miles. At 1.852 kilometres per nautical mile, how many kilometres is that?
- IntermediateThe Paris Agreement was adopted in 2015 and took effect in 2016, how many years apart? What temperature limit does it set?
- IntermediateThere are 17 Sustainable Development Goals against 8 Millennium Development Goals. What is the increase?
- ChallengeWhat tension does the responsibility to protect create in practice?
- ChallengeSome scholars argue the post-Cold War order has moved from unipolar to multipolar. What is the main evidence?
- ChallengeWhat problem lies behind calls to reform the Security Council?
- Error redoError clinic: “A two-thirds vote in the Assembly can remove a permanent member seat.” What is wrong?
03 Answers and one-line notes
| # | Answer | One-line note |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) | The summit outcome document tied sovereignty to protection, with the Council as last resort. |
| 2 | 1995, replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade | GATT had operated since 1947 and was superseded by the WTO in 1995. |
| 3 | 2002 | Adopted in 1998 and in force from 2002, it covers genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. |
| 4 | 370.4 kilometres | Multiply 200 by 1.852; coastal states hold exploration and fishing rights there. |
| 5 | 1 year, 1.5 to 2 degrees above pre-industrial levels | It relies on nationally determined contributions, unlike Kyoto which bound developed states only. |
| 6 | 112.5 per cent | The nine extra goals divided by the original eight; the new set adds climate and institutions. |
| 7 | between sovereignty and humanitarian intervention, and it is said to be applied selectively | Different treatment of Libya and Syria is often cited to question consistency. |
| 8 | the rise of emerging economies and wider voice through forums such as the G20 | A shift in economic weight lets more states shape the rules. |
| 9 | the mismatch between the 1945 seat arrangement and today 193 members | The G4 of Japan, Germany, India and Brazil campaigns for permanent seats. |
| 10 | wrong: amendment needs two thirds in the Assembly and ratification by two thirds of members including every permanent member | The permanent five can block reform through the ratification stage. |
04 What to do after marking
- After marking, redo only the wrong items and write down which step went wrong (formula, unit, or misread number).
- Repeat the same item two days later; move to the next paper only when both attempts are correct.
- Parents only need the answer and note columns; there is no need to explain every item.
Set the criteria before citing institutions in evaluation items.Tutor Registration →
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