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S6 Geography: Urban Climate and Air Pollution (Paper 4 (error clinic))
S6 Geography: Urban Climate and Air Pollution (Paper 4 (error clinic))
Paper 4 (error clinic): ten questions on urban climate and air pollution with worked numbers, answers and one line notes.
01 Paper details (check answers afterwards)
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Questions | 10 |
| Suggested time | 20 |
| Difficulty mix | Foundation 3 · Intermediate 3 · Challenge 3 · Error redo 1 |
| Chapter | Chapter: S6 Geography: Urban Climate and Air Pollution |
| Level | S6 |
02 Questions (10 items)
- FoundationDoes the heat island appear only in summer?
- FoundationDoes a high albedo material absorb or reflect more solar radiation?
- FoundationWhich is smaller in diameter, PM2.5 or PM10?
- IntermediateDoes green space cool mainly by transpiration or by reflection?
- IntermediateIs urban wind speed usually higher or lower than rural wind speed?
- IntermediateDoes a lower air quality health index mean better or worse air?
- ChallengeThe urban station reads 30 degrees and the rural station 25. How many percent hotter is the city?
- ChallengeRoadside nitrogen dioxide falls from 50 to 40 micrograms per cubic metre. What is the percentage drop?
- ChallengeA green roof lowers indoor temperature from 35 to 32 degrees. What is the percentage drop? (one decimal place)
- Error redoError clinic: a ventilation corridor is only a piece of landscape design. What is wrong?
03 Answers and one-line notes
| # | Answer | One-line note |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | No. It occurs all year, and winter night gaps are often larger | Rural surfaces cool quickly on winter nights while the city holds its heat, so the gap widens. |
| 2 | It reflects more and absorbs less | Pale materials have high albedo and stay cooler. |
| 3 | PM2.5 is smaller | 2.5 micrometres is less than 10, so it reaches deeper into the lungs. |
| 4 | Mainly by transpiration | Plants evaporate water and carry heat away, and canopy shade helps as well. |
| 5 | Lower | Buildings raise surface roughness and friction, which blocks airflow. |
| 6 | Better | The index takes the highest pollutant sub-index, and a higher number means a greater risk. |
| 7 | 20 percent | The gap is 5, and 5 divided by 25 gives 0.2. |
| 8 | 20 percent | The gap is 10, and 10 divided by 50 gives 0.2. |
| 9 | About 8.6 percent | The gap is 3, and 3 divided by 35 gives 0.0857. |
| 10 | It is a planning tool for cooling and diluting pollutants | The corridor brings cooler rural air in and improves urban ventilation and air quality. |
04 What to do after marking
- After marking, redo only the wrong items and write down which step went wrong (formula, unit, or misread number).
- Repeat the same item two days later; move to the next paper only when both attempts are correct.
- Parents only need the answer and note columns; there is no need to explain every item.
For urban climate questions, decide first whether the answer is a temperature difference or a percentage: subtract for a difference, and divide the change by the original value then multiply by one hundred for a percentage. For air questions, remember that smaller particles reach deeper into the lungs, and ozone needs sunlight and nitrogen oxides.Tutor Registration →
Questions and answers are written originally by the TutorZone team and are not taken from any school, publisher or examination authority paper. Every value is checked by computer.
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