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S4 Geography: Map Skills Paper 2 (Gradient, Contours and Bearings)
S4 Geography: Map Skills Paper 2 (Gradient, Contours and Bearings)
This paper practises gradient in percent, reading contour lines and finding reverse bearings, with a one-line note on every answer.
Quick answer 1. 5 percent | 2. 30 m | 3. east 090°, north-west 315° | 4. 100 m | 5. 10 percent | 6. 750 m, 8 percent | 7. 240° | 8. 3 percent | 9. 4 lines | 10. 5 percent
01 Paper details (check answers afterwards)
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Questions | 10 questions |
| Suggested time | 25 minutes |
| Difficulty mix | Foundation 4 · Intermediate 3 · Challenge 2 · Error redo 1 |
| Chapter | Chapter: S4 Geography – Map Skills |
| Level | Application |
02 Questions (10 items)
- FoundationTwo points are 800 m apart horizontally with a 40 m height difference. What is the gradient in percent?
- FoundationWith a gradient of 1:10 and 300 m horizontal distance, what is the height difference?
- FoundationWhat are the bearings for due east and for north-west from point A?
- FoundationPoint A is on the 120 m contour and point B on the 220 m contour. What is the height difference?
- IntermediateA road runs 1.5 km horizontally from 50 m to 200 m. What is the gradient in percent?
- IntermediateTwo points 3 cm apart on a 1:25 000 map differ by 60 m. Find the gradient percent.
- IntermediateWalk 2 km on a bearing of 060° to a waterfall. What bearing returns to camp?
- ChallengeA river falls from 320 m to 200 m over 4 km. What is the average gradient in percent?
- ChallengeContours are 5 m apart. Walking from the 85 m contour to the 110 m contour, how many contour lines are crossed in between?
- Error redoA student measures 5 cm on a 1:20 000 map, sees a 50 m rise and answers 50 percent. What is correct?
03 Answers and one-line notes
| # | Answer | One-line note |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 40 / 800 x 100 = 5 percent. | Gradient is height difference divided by horizontal distance. |
| 2 | 300 / 10 = 30 m. | A 1:10 gradient rises 1 m for every 10 m across. |
| 3 | Due east is 090°, north-west is 315°. | Bearings run clockwise from north: east 90°, south 180°, west 270°. |
| 4 | 220 – 120 = 100 m. | Every point on a contour has the same height, so compare the two values. |
| 5 | The rise is 150 m, so 150 / 1,500 x 100 = 10 percent. | Convert kilometres to metres so both lengths share a unit. |
| 6 | 3 x 25,000 = 75,000 cm = 750 m; 60 / 750 x 100 = 8 percent. | Use the map scale for horizontal distance, then apply the gradient formula. |
| 7 | The return bearing is 060° + 180° = 240°. | Opposite bearings differ by 180°; subtract 360° if the sum passes it. |
| 8 | The fall is 120 m, so 120 / 4,000 x 100 = 3 percent. | Treat the channel length as horizontal distance and the drop as the height difference. |
| 9 | Between them lie 90, 95, 100 and 105, that is 4 lines. | Count only the lines strictly between the start and the end. |
| 10 | Horizontal distance is 5 x 20,000 = 100,000 cm = 1,000 m; 50 / 1,000 x 100 = 5 percent. | Gradient divides by horizontal distance, not by a bare rise. |
04 What to do after marking
- After marking, redo only the wrong items and write down which step went wrong (formula, unit, or misread number).
- Repeat the same item two days later; move to the next paper only when both attempts are correct.
- Parents only need the answer and note columns; there is no need to explain every item.
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