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S5 Geography | Tourism and Sustainable Tourism Paper 4 (Error Redo)
S5 Geography | Tourism and Sustainable Tourism Paper 4 (Error Redo)
Paper 4 drills only the ten places that go wrong: the multiplier denominator, annual room-nights, the RevPAR denominator, capacity overshoot, employment share, the peak monthly ratio, sewage load, net margin, leakage and payback.
Write the denominator and unit first Allow about thirty minutes; state the denominator and whether the unit is dollars or millions before calculating, since most errors start there.
01 Paper details (check answers afterwards)
| Item | Detail |
|---|---|
| Questions | 10 items |
| Suggested time | About 30 minutes |
| Difficulty mix | Foundation 4 · Intermediate 3 · Challenge 2 · Error redo 1 |
| Chapter | Chapter: S5 Geography | Tourism and Sustainable Tourism |
| Level | S5 (Secondary 5) Geography |
02 Questions (10 items)
- FoundationVisitors spend 900 million dollars locally in the first round, and 0.4 of every dollar is respent locally. Using the multiplier 1 / (1 – 0.4), what is the total impact, and where is the usual mistake?
- FoundationA hotel has 180 rooms, 65 per cent average occupancy and an average room rate of 980 dollars. Find annual room-nights, room revenue and RevPAR, and the wrong figure if only 30 days are used.
- FoundationA site has an environmental carrying capacity of 2,400 visitors a day but receives 3,000 in peak season. What is the overshoot, and what is wrong with answering 600 visitors?
- FoundationTourism directly employs 18,500 people in a place where total employment is 420,000. What share is that, and why can tourism-related employment not be the denominator?
- IntermediateThe four peak months take 48 per cent of annual visitors and the other eight months take 52 per cent. How many times higher is the peak monthly average, and why is 48 divided by 52 wrong?
- IntermediateVisitors number 2,500 using 250 litres each a day, and 4,000 residents use 160 litres each. The plant treats 1,000 cubic metres a day. How large is the overload?
- IntermediateAn eco-site charges 90 dollars, averages 600 visitors a day and opens 300 days; operating cost is 6.2 million and maintenance 2.4 million. Find net income and net margin.
- ChallengeTotal visitor spending is 1.2 billion dollars, import leakage is 35 per cent and the local respending ratio is 0.5. How much does leakage cut the total impact?
- ChallengeTourism value added is 21 billion dollars, of which 16.8 billion is direct, against a GDP of 450 billion. What shares of GDP are direct and total value added?
- Error redoA trail caps entry at 3,500 a day against 5,000 applicants; if demand rises another 20 per cent, what is the success rate? Also, with 60 million invested and 7.5 million net cash a year, find the payback, and say why using 15 million revenue is wrong.
03 Answers and one-line notes
| # | Answer | One-line note |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1.5 billion dollars (multiplier 1.67 x 900 million); the error is writing the multiplier as 1 / 0.4 = 2.5, giving 2.25 billion. | The denominator is the leakage share, 1 minus the respending ratio, not the respending ratio itself, and the gap is 750 million dollars. |
| 2 | Room-nights 42,705, revenue 41,850,900 dollars and RevPAR 637 dollars; using 30 days gives only 3,510 room-nights. | Annual room-nights need 365 days, and RevPAR is room rate times occupancy, so the denominator is available rooms, not sold rooms. |
| 3 | The overshoot is 25 per cent (600 divided by 2,400); answering 600 gives only the absolute gap, not the share of capacity. | A percentage is needed to compare sites, because an absolute number only means something against the same capacity. |
| 4 | 4.4 per cent (18,500 divided by 420,000); the denominator must be total employment, or the share inflates to over ninety per cent. | A share is measured against the whole, and swapping the denominator turns it into internal industry structure, which says nothing about the tourism contribution. |
| 5 | Peak monthly average is 12 per cent against 6.5 per cent off-peak, about 1.85 times; 48 over 52 equals 0.92, which is only the ratio of the two totals. | Monthly averages need division by the number of months in each block, and the blocks differ in length, so totals cannot stand for monthly intensity. |
| 6 | The total is 1,265 cubic metres, an overload of 265 cubic metres, or 26.5 per cent. | Convert each group separately and add, dividing litres by 1,000 for cubic metres, then compare with the plant capacity. |
| 7 | Revenue is 16.2 million, net income 7.6 million and the net margin 46.9 per cent. | The margin must use income after operating cost and maintenance, and treating gate revenue as profit roughly doubles the answer. |
| 8 | With leakage the impact is 1.56 billion and without it 2.4 billion, a cut of 840 million, or 35 per cent. | Leakage is removed from the first round before the multiplier is applied, and the leakage rate equals the fall in total impact. |
| 9 | Direct is 3.73 per cent and total 4.67 per cent, from 168 and 210 over 450 billion. | Value added has a direct and a total layer, and mixing them understates or overstates the contribution; remember to multiply by 100. |
| 10 | The success rate falls from 70 to 58.3 per cent; payback is 8 years, and using revenue would wrongly give 4 years. | The success rate is the cap over applications, so more demand lowers it; payback needs net cash inflow, since revenue ignores cost. |
04 What to do after marking
- After marking, redo only the wrong items and write down which step went wrong (formula, unit, or misread number).
- Repeat the same item two days later; move to the next paper only when both attempts are correct.
- Parents only need the answer and note columns; there is no need to explain every item.
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