IGCSE 数学 0580 Paper 2 练习卷(Extended・不准用计算机)|19 题 100 分附答案详解
- 2026-10-29
题目用英文书写,与实际剑桥试卷一致;评分要点、解题步骤与等级描述用中文说明。
原创 IGCSE 数学 0580 Extended Paper 2 练习卷:2 小时、100 分、不准用计算机,19 题涵盖标准式、百分数、比例尺、根式、二次方程、三角面积、统计表、函数、向量与证明,附答案详解、评分要点与等级描述。
Section A — 短题目(第 1–10 题)
Section A 是短题目,考核基本运算与公式运用,每题 4–5 分,目标是在 50 分钟内完成并保持准确。
1. Answer all three parts without a calculator.
(a) Write 0.000 046 in standard form. (1 分)
(b) Work out 3/4 + 5/6, giving your answer as a fraction in its simplest form. (2 分)
(c) Work out (2.4 × 10⁶) × (5 × 10⁻³), giving your answer in standard form. (1 分)
2. A laptop has a normal price of $640. In a sale the price is reduced by 15%.
(a) Work out the reduction, in dollars. (1 分)
(b) Work out the sale price of the laptop. (1 分)
(c) After the sale the shop raises the sale price by 10%. Work out the new price and the percentage change from the normal price. (2 分)
3. A map is drawn to a scale of 1 : 25 000.
(a) On the map a road is 6.4 cm long. Work out the real length, in km. (2 分)
(b) A field is 1.8 km long. Work out its length on the map, in cm. (2 分)
(c) Work out the real area, in m², represented by 1 cm² on the map. (1 分)
4. Do not use a calculator.
(a) Work out 27^(2/3). (2 分)
(b) Simplify √50 + √18, giving your answer in the form k√2. (2 分)
5. The first four terms of a sequence are 5, 11, 17, 23, …
(a) Find the nth term of the sequence. (2 分)
(b) Find the 40th term. (1 分)
(c) Explain whether 200 is a term of this sequence. (1 分)
6. Show your working for each part.
(a) Expand and simplify (2x − 3)(x + 5). (2 分)
(b) Factorise completely 6x² − 15x. (1 分)
(c) Factorise x² − 9. (1 分)
7. Show all your working.
(a) Solve the simultaneous equations 3x + 2y = 16 and x − y = 2. (3 分)
(b) Make x the subject of 5y − 3x = 10. (2 分)
8.
(a) Work out the interior angle of a regular pentagon. (2 分)
(b) Write down the exterior angle of a regular pentagon. (1 分)
(c) The interior angle of a regular polygon is 156°. Work out the number of sides. (2 分)
9. All lengths are in cm. Give exact answers where possible.
(a) A right-angled triangle has hypotenuse 13 cm and one side 5 cm. Work out the third side. (2 分)
(b) In a right-angled triangle the hypotenuse is 14 cm and one angle is 30°. Work out the side opposite the 30° angle. (1 分)
(c) Work out the side adjacent to the 30° angle in part (b), in the form k√3. (2 分)
10. A bag contains 5 red, 3 blue and 2 green counters. All the counters are different. Two counters are taken at random without replacement.
(a) Write down the probability that the first counter is red. (1 分)
(b) Work out the probability that both counters are red. (2 分)
(c) Work out the probability that at least one counter is green. (2 分)
Section B — 长题目(第 11–19 题)
Section B 是长题目,需要写出完整方法,包括二次方程、立体图形、统计表、三角面积、函数、向量与证明。
11. Show your method for both parts.
(a) Solve 2x² − 7x + 3 = 0, showing your factorisation. (3 分)
(b) Write x² − 6x + 5 in the form (x − a)² + b, and state the coordinates of the minimum point of y = x² − 6x + 5. (3 分)
12. The line L passes through A(2, 5) and B(6, 13).
(a) Work out the gradient of L. (2 分)
(b) Find the equation of L in the form y = mx + c. (2 分)
(c) Find the x-intercept of L. (1 分)
(d) Explain whether the point (10, 21) lies on L. (1 分)
13. A closed cylinder has radius 7 cm and height 10 cm. Use π = 22/7.
(a) Work out the volume of the cylinder, in cm³. (3 分)
(b) Work out the curved surface area, in cm². (2 分)
(c) Work out the total surface area of the closed cylinder, in cm². (2 分)
14. In a sale a bicycle is sold for $272 after a 20% discount.
(a) Work out the normal price of the bicycle. (3 分)
(b) A shop assistant adds 20% to $272 and says this is the normal price. Explain, with figures, why this is wrong. (3 分)
15. The table shows the number of goals scored by a football team in each of its matches this season.
(a) Work out the mean number of goals per match. (3 分)
(b) Work out the median number of goals. (2 分)
(c) Write down the mode. (1 分)
(d) How many matches had 3 or more goals? (1 分)
| x | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| f | 4 | 9 | 12 | 3 | 2 |
每场入球数(x)与场数(f)
16. Triangle ABC has AB = AC = 8 cm and angle BAC = 60°.
(a) Show that BC = 8 cm. (2 分)
(b) Work out the area of triangle ABC, in the form k√3 cm². (2 分)
(c) The triangle is the cross-section of a prism of length 12 cm. Work out the volume of the prism, correct to 3 significant figures. (3 分)
17. f(x) = 3x − 2 and g(x) = x² + 1.
(a) Find f⁻¹(x). (2 分)
(b) Work out gf(2). (2 分)
(c) Explain whether f(x) = g(x) has any real solutions. (2 分)
18. In triangle OAB, OA = a and OB = b. P is the midpoint of OA. Q lies on AB with AQ : QB = 1 : 3.
(a) Find PQ in terms of a and b, in its simplest form. (3 分)
(b) M is the midpoint of AB. Show that PQ is parallel to OM and state the ratio PQ : OM. (3 分)
19. Answer both parts.
(a) Solve the inequality 4 − 3x < 13. (2 分)
(b) n is an integer. Prove that n² + n is always an even number. (2 分)
评分准则(全卷 100 分)
| 题目 | 考核内容 | 分数 | 主要得分位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 数字与标准式 | 4 | (b) 2 分:通分母 12 得 1 分,19/12 得 1 分;答 1.58… 不给分。 |
| 2 | 百分数 | 4 | (c) $598.40 得 1 分,−6.5% 得 1 分(写“减少 6.5%”接受);答 −10% 或 −15% 不给分。 |
| 3 | 比例与比例尺 | 5 | (c) 最常见错误是用 25 000 而非 25 000²;答案单位必须是 m²。 |
| 4 | 指数与根式 | 4 | (a) 27^(1/3) = 3 得 1 分,9 得 1 分;(b) 化简其中一个根式得 1 分,8√2 得 1 分。 |
| 5 | 数列 | 4 | (c) 理由要指出 n 不是整数;只写“不是”不给分。 |
| 6 | 代数运算 | 4 | (a) 未化简前四项正确得 1 分,2x² + 7x − 15 得 1 分;(b) 必须抽 3x,只抽 x 不给分。 |
| 7 | 方程与主项变换 | 5 | (a) 代入或消元正确得 1 分,y = 2 得 1 分,x = 4 得 1 分;(b) 整理出 3x 得 1 分,整式除 3 得 1 分。 |
| 8 | 多边形角 | 5 | (c) 用外角最稳;直接用 156° 去除 360° 不给分。 |
| 9 | 毕氏定理与三角比 | 5 | (c) 本卷不准用计算机,必须写根式;若同时写出根式,可接受 12.1。 |
| 10 | 概率 | 5 | (b) 第二次要抽 4/9;两次都用 5/10 只给 1 分。 |
| Section A 小计 | 45 | ||
| 题目 | 考核内容 | 分数 | 主要得分位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | 二次方程与配方法 | 6 | (a) 正确因式得 1 分,每个根各 1 分;(b) (x − 3)² − 4 得 2 分,座标得 1 分。 |
| 12 | 直线方程 | 6 | (d) 要写出代入过程;只写“是”不给分。 |
| 13 | 立体图形 | 7 | (a) 代入 πr²h 得 1 分,22/7 × 49 = 154 得 1 分,1 540 得 1 分;(c) 两个圆底要计两次。 |
| 14 | 逆算百分数 | 6 | (a) 应除以 0.8(或先除 80 再乘 100);272 × 1.2 不给分。(b) 两个数字都对得 2 分,指出“基数不同”得 1 分。 |
| 15 | 统计 | 7 | (a) Σfx = 50 与 Σf = 30 得 2 分,5/3(接受 1.67)得 1 分;误除以 5(行数)不给分。 |
| 16 | 三角面积与体积 | 7 | (a) 应用余弦定理并代入 cos 60° = 1/2;”show that” 题必须写过程。(c) 192√3 得 2 分,取 3 位有效数字得 1 分。 |
| 17 | 函数 | 6 | (b) gf 即 g(f(x)),先做 f;答 37 不给分。(c) 要算出判别式并解释。 |
| 18 | 向量 | 6 | (a) OQ 得 1 分,相减得 1 分,¼a + ¼b 得 1 分;(b) 证明平行要指出纯量倍数 ½。 |
| 19 | 不等式与证明 | 4 | (a) −3x < 9 得 1 分,x > −3 得 1 分(写 x < −3 不给分)。(b) 要写出因式分解与“连续整数”的论证。 |
| 全卷总分 | 100 | ||
| 等级 | 分数 | 描述 |
|---|---|---|
| A* | 85–100 | 计算准确、方法直接,长题目(如向量、立体图形、证明)能完整写出推理,并正确处理有效数字与单位。 |
| A | 75–84 | 大部分题目方法正确,仅在长题目末段或精确值(根式、分数)出现小错。 |
| B | 65–74 | 基本运算稳定,但二次方程、三角面积、向量比例等题型会漏步骤或混淆公式。 |
| C | 55–64 | 能完成短题目,长题目多只能取部分分;百分数逆算、统计平均等概念未稳。 |
| D/E | 0–54 | 基础运算与公式记忆未达 Extended 要求,建议先巩固 Core 内容再操卷。 |
| 阶段 | 分钟 |
|---|---|
| 阅读全卷、分配时间 | 5 |
| Section A(第 1–10 题) | 50 |
| Section B(第 11–19 题) | 55 |
| 复核:单位、有效数字、代回验算 | 10 |


