HKDSE Physics Paper 1: Formula, Substitution and Units
- 2026-11-02
TUTORZONE EXAM DRILL GUIDE · HKDSE PHYSICS PAPER 1: FORMULA, SUBSTITUTION, UNIT
Physics Paper 1 does not mark the answer, it marks whether formula, substitution and unit are all written down. Section A multiple choice carries 21% and Section B short and structured questions 39%, with the extended response usually the most expensive item on the paper. Three written steps keep the method marks even when the arithmetic slips; jumping to a number loses them even when it is right. This page is the drilling method only – timing, drill order, a 12-week timetable, the error log and the usual mark losses.
How is HKDSE Physics Paper 1 assessed, and what does each part carry?
Section A (multiple-choice): Compulsory Part; 21% of the subject mark (21%); Section B (short, structured, essay): Compulsory Part; 39% of the subject mark, ending with an essay questio (39%); Paper 1 total: All questions compulsory; Paper 2 (Electives) is another 20% in 1 hour (60%)

Assessment at a glance (2027)
| Component | Content | Weighting | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Section A (multiple-choice) | Compulsory Part; 21% of the subject mark | 21% | 35-40 min |
| Section B (short, structured, essay) | Compulsory Part; 39% of the subject mark, ending with an essay question | 39% | 100-110 min |
| Paper 1 total | All questions compulsory; Paper 2 (Electives) is another 20% in 1 hour (four topics at 10%, answer two) plus SBA 20% for school candidates | 60% | 2 h 30 min |
Cut the 150 minutes as 38 for Section A, 105 for Section B and 7 to check. Section B marks sit in the three steps formula, substitution, units – write all three and you keep method marks even if the number slips.
What each paper is actually testing
| Paper | Drill focus | How marks are lost |
|---|---|---|
| Section A (multiple-choice) | Formula and concept only; flag anything you cannot route | Section A is answered on feel, with no formula written down and no dimension check. |
| Section B (short, structured, essay) | Formula first, then substitute; keep units and significant figures | Section B substitutes and then skips steps, so the unit and significant figures miss the requirement. |
| Paper 1 total | Keep 12-15 minutes for the essay question | The extended response states a conclusion without the causal chain or the conditions behind it. |
What is each HKDSE Physics Paper 1 paper really testing, and what should you drill?
Section A (multiple-choice): Formula and concept only; flag anything you cannot route; Section B (short, structured, essay): Formula first, then substitute; keep units and significant figures; Paper 1 total: Keep 12-15 minutes for the essay question
Drill order: by topic, then by year, then the mark scheme
| Step | What you do | Why |
|---|---|---|
| 1. By topic | Work through each topic, starting with the paper that allows least help (no calculator / closed book) | Exposes what is genuinely not understood |
| 2. By year | Whole papers to time, one or two a week | Trains pace, stamina and question selection |
| 3. Mark scheme | Go through the marking scheme question by question and log the scoring steps you missed | Most lost marks are written wrong, not thought wrong |
Should drilling go by topic first or by year?
By topic first, then whole papers by year, then the mark scheme. The first third of the time goes topic by topic (8-10 years of the same topic back to back), the middle switches to timed whole papers, and the last fortnight only redoes the recurring errors from your log.
A 12-week drilling timetable
| Week | Phase | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Weeks 1-3 | By topic: foundation | Topic by topic, starting with the easiest marks, building habits and recall |
| Weeks 4-6 | By topic: core | 8-10 years of the same topic back to back, errors classified by topic |
| Weeks 7-8 | By topic: advanced and electives | Elective and higher-order topics, now under time pressure |
| Weeks 9-10 | By year: timed papers | One full paper a week, timed, no reference materials |
| Week 11 | Mark scheme work | Question by question against the marking scheme; list the scoring steps you omitted |
| Week 12 | Plug holes and simulate | Only the recurring errors from your log, then one full exam simulation |
Subject-specific weighting for this timetable: Weeks 1-3: drill topic by topic, writing the formula and the known quantities in the margin before substituting. Mark against the scheme straight away to see whether the working landed on the mark points rather than only whether the number was right.\nWeeks 4-6: timed whole papers on the 38 / 105 / 7 minute split. Use the review minutes for two checks only: the unit on every answer, and the number of significant figures.\nWeeks 7-9: practical work and the extended response. Fix the practical answer as aim, apparatus, measurement, data handling, error; fix the essay as phenomenon, principle and formula, inference, with a measurable quantity in every step.\nWeeks 10-12: redo only the recurring types, add two full papers, and know the constants and unit conversions well enough to stop looking them up.
Use it properly: this is not a checklist to finish. Every week must keep time for redoing errors, or from week 9 you will be repeating the same batch.
Pacing
| Paper | Time | Suggested split |
|---|---|---|
| Section A (multiple-choice) | 35-40 min | 35-40 min |
| Section B (short, structured, essay) | 100-110 min | 100-110 min |
| Paper 1 total | 2 h 30 min | 150 min (about 40 for A and 105 for B) |
How should the time be split inside each HKDSE Physics Paper 1 paper?
Section A (multiple-choice): 35-40 min; Section B (short, structured, essay): 100-110 min; Paper 1 total: 150 min (about 40 for A and 105 for B)
The drilling mistakes that cost the most marks
| Mistake | What it looks like | What actually happens | Instead |
|---|---|---|---|
| Answers without formulas | Writing the number straight away | Structured physics marks are formula + substitution + answer | Open every part with the formula and what each symbol means |
| Units and significant figures | Bare numbers | Wrong or missing units and accuracy lose marks directly | Carry units through the substitution and check accuracy at the end |
| Treating the essay as a gap-fill | Two or three lines | The essay is marked per point with a reason | Give every point a reason and a course example |
| Mixing up series and parallel | Just adding resistances | Parallel resistance is always smaller than the smallest one | Decide series or parallel first, then add or take reciprocals |
The error log and the mark scheme
Three columns, one question type per page: (1) the question and the quantities given, with each symbol and its unit; (2) the failing action, whether the wrong formula was chosen, a square or a sign was dropped in substitution, or the final unit was never converted; (3) the fixed sequence to reuse, for example “free-body diagram first, resultant equation second, numbers last”. Three hits in the same column means ten more items of that type.
How many years should you drill?
Past papers exist from the first DSE cohort in 2012 and the question shapes are stable, which makes this one of the subjects worth drilling whole by year. Drill by topic first, then by year under time; where an older paper touches revised content, take only its experimental design and data handling.
How many years of past papers is enough?
Past papers exist from the first DSE cohort in 2012 and the question shapes are stable, which makes this one of the subjects worth drilling whole by year. Drill by topic first, then by year under time; where an older paper touches revised content, take only its experimental design and data handling.
Frequently asked questions
Is this page a mock paper or a drilling guide?
This is the HKDSE Physics Paper 1 drilling guide: assessment structure, drill order, a 12-week timetable, pacing, common mark losses and the error-log method. For questions with answers, use the HKDSE Physics Paper 1 mock papers linked under Related.
By topic or by year first?
By topic. Eight to ten years of the same topic back to back is what exposes repeating errors; going straight to whole papers just repeats the same batch under time pressure.
How should the error log be written?
Do not copy out questions. Per error record four things: question reference, which step failed (concept, wording, calculation), what the mark scheme requires, and the correct action next time.
The formula sheet is provided, so do I still need to memorise formulas?
Memorise them well enough to know which one applies on sight. The sheet settles notation, not selection; keeping one page that pairs each formula with the situation that calls for it beats copying the sheet out.
How precise does a graph have to be?
Precise enough to read a trend, a gradient and an area. Fix both axes and their units, plot the points, then draw the best-fit line; whenever a gradient or area is asked for, name the physical quantity it stands for or the marks for that part are lost.
Official references
| Resource | What to use it for |
|---|---|
| HKEAA 2027 HKDSE Physics Assessment Framework | Confirm Paper 1’s 60%, 2 h 30 min, Section A 21% and Section B 39% |
| https://www.tutorzone.com.hk/en-dse-physics-paper-1-drill-guide/ | Paper 1 drilling guide: pacing and structured-question writing |
| https://www.tutorzone.com.hk/en-dse-physics-paper-2-electives-drill-guide/ | Paper 2 (Electives) drilling guide |
Original mock: HKDSE Physics Paper 1 mock paper with answers; more practice in the practice area.
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